Spiral separator.



F. PARDEE.

SPIRAL SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. s

,l9l3- RENEWED FEB. II

Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

SHEET 1.

3 SHEETS J m @VM Ema mica 11h; mum; (L rsres 1:0 (More Lima. .wuumcm/m nn F. PARDEE.

SPIRAL SEPARATORL APPLICATIONTILED FEB- 6. I913. RENEWED FEB. 11,19l6- 1Q'Yflfi Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

wimmwz I jM QM] amoewtoz a 5541 who 0 I F. PARDEE.

SPIRAL SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6, I913. RENEWED FEB. II, 1916.

l 1 9?, 5 o Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

3 5HEETSSHEET 3.

Witness e0 gnu gvwawtoz 32M unis ms uamws PETERS 0a., FNOTO-LITNOHWASHINGTUN. n c.

. tinirnn s rarrns naannr outrun.

FRANK PARDEE, OF HAZLETON, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPIRAL SEPARATOR.

eaoae.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, I916.

Application filed February 6, 1913, Serial No. 746,598. Renewed February11, 1916. Serial No. 77,789.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK PARDEE, a citizen of the United States, andresident of the city of Hazleton, in the county of Luzerne and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improve- -ments inSpiral Separators, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to spiral separators, such as are in general usein coal breakers, for removing slate and bone from the coal. Theseseparators utilize gravity, centrifugal force and frictional resistance,to cause a differential action on the mixed substances which are therebyseparated from one another during transit over runways formed on theplates or jackets composing the structure. The spiral plates have apitch toward the center and toward the lower end or outlet of theapparatus; and it is also common to make deviated or retarding surfaceson the jackets or on certain working parts with which the materials comein contact. The varieties of retarding surfaces tried out or heretoforeutilized in connection'with spiral separators have been numerous.

The present invention has relation to re tarding surfaces of a creasedformation for directing and guiding the heavier materials on and alongthe runways, which it is designed they shall follow.

The object is to simplify the structural features, and to attain a moreperfect separation.

The invention consists in a plate having divergent creases on a runwayfor the creased surfaces having their diverged terheavier materials,with the diverged terminals of the creases in proximity to uncreasedgravitative surfaces on the same runways; and in a spiral separatorplate with such minals alternated transversely on the plate, or on anoverlaying contactual part to which they may be applied; and in theparts, features or combinations hereinafter more fully described anddistinctly claimed, with such allowance for latitude as may beconsistent with the substance or essence of the present invention.

The plates or jackets on which the diverged creases are formed may bewarped surfaces; or they may be surfaces partially warped and partiallyplane; or they may be plane surfaces. The spiral may be composed whollyof plates of one such class or plates, the uppermost one of which has aperforated overlaying part also creased, while the plate below it has anoverlaying part with creases alternating laterally as respects theiradjacent and divergent terminals. Fig. 3, is a section taken on the line3, 3, of Fig. 2. In these three figures the jackets represented andtheir overlaying parts, are warped surfaces modified by perforations andcreases. Fig. 4:, is a plan view of a plate having a plane surface asdistinguished from warped, and it is bent at its lower edge so as toform an incline or drop extending inwardly toward the post. This figureshows such a plate as having an overlaying part with creases havingdivergent terminals alternating laterally. Fig. 5, is a section taken onthe line 5, 5, of Fig. 4:. Fig. 6, is a lower edge view, looking up atthe plate shown by the two previous figures.

Fig. 7, is a plan view of a plane plate formed by bends or angles whichmakes an inwardly extending gutter near its upper edge and allows thematerials to drop from the plate above it. verging downwardly on thelower face of the gutter and also on the large surface below it. Fig. 8,is a cross section taken on the line 8, 8, of Fig. 7 and Fig. 9, is across section taken on the line 9, 9, of Fig. 7. In Figs. 7 8, and 9, nooverlaying part is shown, the creases being formed directly on certainparts of a one-piece plate.

In the drawings A, represents the central post which supports thespirally arranged jackets B, surrounding it. The mixed materials comingfrom a source of supply are guided'by the flange a, at the top, so thatthey enter the spiral proper with a given circular tendency. The workingor 00111130, tual surface, on which the materials move, is on the upperside or face of the plates B, or on the upper face of overlaying parts,if any. These plates and parts are supported This figure shows creasesdi F by rods 6, projecting outwardly and up-' made during the process ofmanufacture.

The creases 0, may be curved as shown in Figs. 2, and 4, or they may bestraight as shown in Fig. 7; they may approach or become adjacent atthe1r upper or at their lower ends; and they may diverge in an upward,downward, or lateral direction. Preferably one of the diverging creasesc, follows in-a direction which would be spiral or around the post ifcontinued throughout, and the crease which diverges from it takes adirection somewhat lateral so that if continued it would extend acrossthe plate diagonally. In practice, however, the creases preferablyextend but a short distance on each plate, and produce surfaces which,in addition to their retarding effect, occasion a slight drop ofthematerials at the lower edge of the plate or its overlay part or asimilar effect, though less pronounced, when the heavier materialscrossover the creases.

The spread of the creases may be in any desired direction. The spreadends or diverged terminals of the creases terminate in proximity touncreased gravitative surfaces on the same plate or runway, and theretarding and guiding effects are not continued to such an extent as toimpair the force of gravity which is given full sway on the uncreasedsurfaces with which the diverged terminals are in proximity. It is notessential but desirable to have a series of these diverging andconverging creases sufficient in number to extend laterally over the"greater part of the slate and bone runways.

In the form of spiral slate-threads shown by Figs. 1, and 2, one or moreof the upper plates has an overlay contactual part, which in addition tobeing creased is also perforated, thus affording a greater initialretardation of slate and bone and causing the slate, in particular, toseek its runway next to the post when near the upper end of the spiral.The part of the plate not overlaid is 1n proximity to some of thediverged ter-- minals of the creases shown. late and bone have takentheir proper runways they will not require retardation so When the 7much as they will a proper guidance. The formation of the creases c, 0,is such as to give them a distinct guiding effect; and in a full lengthspiral these creases are interposed at such points and on such a numberof plates as may continue the guiding effect according to requirements.

It is to be observed that there is no definite rule which can beinvariably followed in forming the creases; their length and number onany given plate, and the number of plates used in the make-up of aspiral on which they are to be utilized, is necessarily variable. Theconditions often differ with respect to the nature of the materials tobe separated, and with respect to the state of those materials as tobeing wet or dry. Modifications which cannot be properly set forth, butbecome apparent to the constructor and operator, are to be allowed forin the practical construction of a spiral separator. 1

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. A spiral separator plate having divergentcreases on a runway for one of the heavier materials, said creaseshaving their .divergent terminals in proximity to uncreased gravitativecontactual surfaces on the same runway.

2. A spiral separator plate having divergent creases on runways for theheavier materials, said creases having their divergent terminalsalternated and disposed in proximity to uncreased gravitative contactualsurfaces on the same runways.

3. A spiral separator plate having divergent creases on runways for theheavier materials, said creases being alternated and the surfacesbetween them perforated, whereby greaten retardation may be effected.

4. A spiral separator plate having an overlay part provided withdivergent creases on a runway for the heavier materials, said overlaypart being perforated and the diverged terminals of said creases beingin proximity to gravitative uncreased contactual surfaces.

5. A spiral separator provided with plates having diverged creases onthe runways for the heavier materials, the diverged terminal of saidcreases being in proximity to uncreased gravitative surfaces on the samerunways of the spiral.

FRANK PARDEE.

Witnesses:

LILLIAN SAUNDERS, ANNA M. WETTERAN.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents.

' Washington, D. 0.

